Introduction to chapter 1

Welcome to this first chapter of your preparation for the ISTQB CT-GenAI certification.

This chapter lays the essential theoretical foundations. Before learning how to "prompt" or test an AI, it is crucial to understand what is happening under the hood. We will strictly define what Generative AI is compared to previous forms of AI, and detail the internal mechanics of Large Language Models (LLMs).

🗺️ Chapter roadmap

We will structure this first part into four key points:

1. The AI spectrum: where does Generative AI sit compared to Classical Machine Learning? (Section 1.1.1)
2. How LLMs work: understanding tokenization and context windows. (Section 1.1.2)
3. Model categories: distinguishing between base, instruct-tuned, and reasoning models. (Section 1.1.3)
4. Multimodality: the AI's ability to "see" and "hear". (Section 1.1.4)

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